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Home / Proteins & Peptide / Proteins

kappa-Bungarotoxin

SKU : BHP21300018

A Potent Antagonist of alpha3/beta2 Neuronal nAChR

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Mfr.No.	B-300, B-300_0.1 mg, B-300_0.5 mg, B-300_1 mg, B-300_50 mcg
Description	A Potent Antagonist of alpha3/beta2 Neuronal nAChR
Reconstitution	Centrifuge the vial (10,000 x g for 5 minutes) before adding solvent to spin down all the powder to the bottom of the vial. The lyophilized product may be difficult to visualize. Add solvent directly to the centrifuged vial. Gently tap, tilt, and roll the vial to aid dissolution. Avoid vigorous vortexing; light vortexing for up to 3 seconds is acceptable if needed. The product is soluble in pure water at high micromolar concentrations (100 uM - 1 mM). For long-term storage in solution, we recommend preparing a stock solution by dissolving the product in double-distilled water (ddH2O) at a concentration between 100-1000x of the final working concentration. Divide the stock solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Before use, thaw the relevant vial(s) and dilute to the desired working concentration in your working buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions in working buffers just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity.
Molecular Formula	C303H475N91O97S10
Background	Kappa-bungarotoxin (kappa-Bungarotoxin, kappa-Bgt) is a 66 amino acid peptidyl toxin isolated from the venom of the banded krait snake, Bungarus multicinctus1,2. kappa-Bgt is a postsynaptic neurotoxin that potently binds and inhibits the neuronal types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). It is a selective antagonist of alpha3-containing and some alpha4-containing nAChRs subunits3.Under physiological solvent conditions, kappa-Bungarotoxin exists as a non-covalent homodimer4. The dimeric nature of the toxin may play a crucial role in the binding properties of kappa-Bgt to neuronal types of AChRs while losing its potency on muscle receptors4-6.Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are prototypical cation-selective, ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast neurotransmission in the central and peripheral nervous systems. nAChRs are involved in a range of physiological and pathological functions and hence are important therapeutic targets7. The kappa-neurotoxins have been valuable pharmacological tools in the study of neuronal AChRs3.
Biological Activity	Kappa-bungarotoxin is a postsynaptic neurotoxin that potently binds and inhibits the neuronal types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). It is a selective antagonist of most alpha3-containing and some alpha4-containing nAChRs subunits1.
Formulation	Lyophilized from double distilled water (ddH2O). May contain TFA as a residual counter ion.
Molecular Weight	7265 Da
Solubility	Centrifuge the vial before adding solvent (10,000 x g for 5 minutes) to spin down all the powder to the bottom of the vial. The lyophilized product may be difficult to visualize. Add solvent directly to the centrifuged vial. Tap the vial to aid in dissolving the lyophilized product. Tilt and gently roll the liquid over the walls of the vial. Avoid vigorous vortexing. Light vortexing for up to 3 seconds is acceptable if needed. The product is soluble in pure water at high micromolar concentrations (100 uM - 1 mM). For long-term storage in solution, we recommend preparing a stock solution by dissolving the product in double-distilled water (ddH2O) at a concentration between 100-1000x of the final working concentration. Divide the stock solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Before use, thaw the relevant vial(s) and dilute to the desired working concentration in your working buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions in working buffers just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity.
Source	Natural protein
Accession Number	P01398
Concentration	5 - 25 nM
Form	Lyophilized
Notes	Bioassay Tested: yes Steril endotoxin free: no Is Toxin: Yes
UNSPSC Code	12352202
Lead Time	1-2 Business Days
Modifications	Disulfide bonds between: Cys3-Cys21, Cys14-Cys42, Cys27-Cys31, Cys46-Cys58, Cys59-Cys64
Origin	Bungarus multicinctus (Many-banded krait)

Synonyms	kappa-Bungarotoxin, Kappa-bgt, Kappa-1-bungarotoxin, Long neurotoxin 2,Neuronal bungarotoxin, nBgt, Toxin F
Gene Id	CHRNA3, CHRNA7, CHRNA4, CHRNB2
Sequence	RTCLISPSSTPQTCPNGQDICFLKAQCDKFCSIRGPVIEQGCVATCPQFRSNYRSLLCCT TDNCNH-OH
Target	alpha3/beta2 Neuronal nAChR

Country Of Origin	Israel/IL
Purity	>=98% (HPLC)
Storage	Storage After Reconstitution: The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the product in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Storage Before Reconstitution: The product is shipped as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon receipt, store the product at -20°C. Protect from moisture. Storage of solutions: The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the product in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

Applications	Electrophysiology

Reference	Chiappinelli, V. A. (1983) Brain Res., 277, 9. Grant, G. A. and Chiappinelli, V.A. (1985) Biochemistry, 24, 1532. Chiappinelli, V. A. et al. (1996) Toxicon, 34, 1243. Chiappinelli, V. A. and Lee, J.C. (1985) J. Biol. Chem., 260, 6182. Grant, G.A. et al. (1997) Biochemistry, 36, 3353. Osipov, A.V. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem., 283, 14571. Ho, T.N.T. et al. (2020) Front. Neurosci., 14, 609005. Chiappinelli, V. A. et al. (1996) Toxicon, 34, 1243.

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Combination SKU	Supplier No.	Size	Your price	Quantity
BHP21300018-1	B-300_0.1 mg	0.1 mg	$486		Add to Cart
BHP21300018-2	B-300_0.5 mg	0.5 mg	$1456		Add to Cart
BHP21300018-3	B-300_1 mg	1 mg	$2329		Add to Cart
BHP21300018-4	B-300_50 mcg	50 mcg	$304		Add to Cart

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