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Home / Proteins & Peptide / Proteins

Imperatoxin A

SKU : BHP21300234

A Ryanodine Receptor Modulator

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Mfr.No.	STI-333, STI-333_0.1 mg, STI-333_0.5 mg, STI-333_1 mg, STI-333_10 mg, STI-333_5 mg
Description	A Ryanodine Receptor Modulator
Reconstitution	Centrifuge the vial (10,000 x g for 5 minutes) before adding solvent to spin down all the powder to the bottom of the vial. The lyophilized product may be difficult to visualize. Add solvent directly to the centrifuged vial. Gently tap, tilt, and roll the vial to aid dissolution. Avoid vigorous vortexing; light vortexing for up to 3 seconds is acceptable if needed. The product is soluble in pure water at high micromolar concentrations (100 uM - 1 mM). For long-term storage in solution, we recommend preparing a stock solution by dissolving the product in double-distilled water (ddH2O) at a concentration between 100-1000x of the final working concentration. Divide the stock solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Before use, thaw the relevant vial(s) and dilute to the desired working concentration in your working buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions in working buffers just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity.
Molecular Formula	C148H254N58O45S6
Background	Imperatoxin A (IpTxa) is a 33 amino acid natural peptidyl toxin isolated from the venom of scorpion Pandinus imperator. IpTxa interacts specifically and activates the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-release channel of skeletal and cardiac muscle (ryanodine receptor 1 and 2). It reversibly enhances binding of ryanodine to the receptors. The activating effect of IpTxa on skeletal ryanodine receptor is Ca2+-dependent, synergized by caffeine, and independent of other modulators of RyRs1-3.IpTxa increased the open probability of rabbit skeletal muscle RyRs by increasing the frequency of open events and decreasing the duration of the closed lifetimes.2IpTxa displays structural homology with an activating segment of the a1 subunit of the skeletal dihydropyridine receptor (II-III loop, segment Glu666-Leu690) which is putatively the native activator of ryanodine receptor. IpTxa and the segment Glu666-Leu690 activate RyRs in a similar manner and appear to compete for a common binding site on the ryanodine channel protein4. This suggest a common mechanism of IpTxa and dihydropyridine receptor for modulation of RyR4.
Biological Activity	Imperatoxin A is a strong agonist of ryanodine receptor channels (RyR)1. Induces voltage- and concentration-dependent subconductance states in both skeletal (RYR1 and RYR3) and cardiac (RYR2) ryanodine receptors by binding to a single, cytosolic accessible site different from the ryanodine binding site. The activating effect is dose-dependent (ED50=10 nM), with fast onset and found fully reversible2.
Formulation	Lyophilized from double distilled water (ddH2O). May contain TFA as a residual counter ion.
Molecular Weight	3758 Da
Solubility	Centrifuge the vial before adding solvent (10,000 x g for 5 minutes) to spin down all the powder to the bottom of the vial. The lyophilized product may be difficult to visualize. Add solvent directly to the centrifuged vial. Tap the vial to aid in dissolving the lyophilized product. Tilt and gently roll the liquid over the walls of the vial. Avoid vigorous vortexing. Light vortexing for up to 3 seconds is acceptable if needed. The product is soluble in pure water at high micromolar concentrations (100 uM - 1 mM). For long-term storage in solution, we recommend preparing a stock solution by dissolving the product in double-distilled water (ddH2O) at a concentration between 100-1000x of the final working concentration. Divide the stock solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Before use, thaw the relevant vial(s) and dilute to the desired working concentration in your working buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions in working buffers just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity.
Source	Synthetic peptide
Accession Number	P59868
Concentration	10 - 300 nM
Form	Lyophilized
Notes	Steril endotoxin free: no Is Toxin: Yes
Cas Number	172451-37-5
UNSPSC Code	12352202
Lead Time	1-2 Business Days
Modifications	Disulfide bonds between: Cys3-Cys17, Cys10-Cys21 and Cys16-Cys32
Origin	Pandinus imperator (Emperor scorpion)

Synonyms	IpTxa, Imperacalcin, IpCa
Gene Id	RYR1,RYR2,RYR3
Sequence	GDCLPHLKRCKADNDCCGKKCKRRGTNAEKRCR-OH
Target	Ryanodine receptors

Country Of Origin	Israel/IL
Purity	>=98% (HPLC)
Storage	Storage After Reconstitution: The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the product in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Storage Before Reconstitution: The product is shipped as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon receipt, store the product at -20°C. Protect from moisture. Storage of solutions: The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the product in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

Reference	Valdivia, H.H. et al. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 12185. El-Hayek, R. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 28696. Zamudio, F. Z. et al. (1997) FEBS Lett. 405, 385. Gurrola G.B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 7879. Valdivia, H.H. et al. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 12185. El-Hayek, R. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 28696.

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Combination SKU	Supplier No.	Size	Your price	Quantity
BHP21300234-1	STI-333_0.1 mg	0.1 mg	$235		Add to Cart
BHP21300234-2	STI-333_0.5 mg	0.5 mg	$808		Add to Cart
BHP21300234-3	STI-333_1 mg	1 mg	$1291		Add to Cart
BHP21300234-4	STI-333_10 mg	10 mg	$5607		Add to Cart
BHP21300234-5	STI-333_5 mg	5 mg	$4005		Add to Cart

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