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Home / Proteins & Peptide / Proteins

DkTx

SKU : BHP21300199

An Activator of TRPV1 Channel

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Mfr.No.	STD-010, STD-010_0.1 mg, STD-010_0.5 mg, STD-010_1 mg, STD-010_50 mcg
Description	An Activator of TRPV1 Channel
Reconstitution	Centrifuge the vial (10,000 x g for 5 minutes) before adding solvent to spin down all the powder to the bottom of the vial. The lyophilized product may be difficult to visualize. Add solvent directly to the centrifuged vial. Gently tap, tilt, and roll the vial to aid dissolution. Avoid vigorous vortexing; light vortexing for up to 3 seconds is acceptable if needed. The product is soluble in pure water at high micromolar concentrations (100 uM - 1 mM). For long-term storage in solution, we recommend preparing a stock solution by dissolving the product in double-distilled water (ddH2O) at a concentration between 100-1000x of the final working concentration. Divide the stock solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Before use, thaw the relevant vial(s) and dilute to the desired working concentration in your working buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions in working buffers just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity.
Molecular Formula	C376H549N95O107S13
Background	Double-knot toxin (DkTx) is a 75 amino acid peptidyl toxin isolated from the venom of the Chinese bird spider, Ornithoctonus huwena1. DkTx selectively activates the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel by targeting the outer pore domain. DkTx binds bivalently to TRPV1 in an open state-dependent manner1.DkTx shown to consist of two head-to-tail inhibitory cysteine-knot (ICK) motif repeats, referred to as knot1 (K1) and knot2 (K2), separated by a short 7-amino-acid linker. Each unit can exist as structurally and functionally independent entities which, when combined, synergize to produce a ligand of exceedingly high avidity1,2. The two ICK motifs of DkTx bind two homologous binding sites in adjacent subunits of the tetrameric channel, while its linker adopts a taut and constrained conformation. The ICK lobes also interact with lipids in the membrane bilayer, forming a toxin-channel-lipid tripartite complex. DkTx partitions into the membrane and that its two knots bind to the outer pore region of TRPV1 leading to sustained channel activation3-5.TRPV1 is a non-selective cation channel expressed in nociceptive sensory neurons that plays important roles in the transduction of noxious stimuli as well as thermosensation.In the peripheral nervous system, TRPV1 channel was found to be highly expressed in the spinal dorsal root ganglion neurons, the trigeminal ganglion and primary sensory neurons, which mainly mediate pain perception, transmission and regulation process. In the central nervous system, the TRPV channel was found mainly involved in the regulation of body temperature, release of synaptic neurotransmitters, synaptic transmission and apoptosis. In addition, TRPV1 is widely expressed in non-neuronal cells and has been shown to play an important role in the immune systeM As a receptor for multiple injurious stimuli, TRPV1 has emerged as a new and promising target for developing analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs6,7.
Biological Activity	Selectively activates the heat-activated TRPV1 channel1,2.
Formulation	Lyophilized from double distilled water (ddH2O). May contain TFA as a residual counter ion.
Molecular Weight	8529 Da
Solubility	Centrifuge the vial before adding solvent (10,000 x g for 5 minutes) to spin down all the powder to the bottom of the vial. The lyophilized product may be difficult to visualize. Add solvent directly to the centrifuged vial. Tap the vial to aid in dissolving the lyophilized product. Tilt and gently roll the liquid over the walls of the vial. Avoid vigorous vortexing. Light vortexing for up to 3 seconds is acceptable if needed. The product is soluble in pure water at high micromolar concentrations (100 uM - 1 mM). For long-term storage in solution, we recommend preparing a stock solution by dissolving the product in double-distilled water (ddH2O) at a concentration between 100-1000x of the final working concentration. Divide the stock solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Before use, thaw the relevant vial(s) and dilute to the desired working concentration in your working buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions in working buffers just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity.
Source	Synthetic protein
Accession Number	P0CH43
Concentration	0.1 - 1 uM
Form	Lyophilized
Notes	Bioassay Tested: yes Steril endotoxin free: no Is Toxin: Yes
UNSPSC Code	12352202
Lead Time	1-2 Business Days
Modifications	Disulfide bonds between: Cys2-Cys16, Cys9-Cys23, Cys15-Cys31, Cys44-Cys58, Cys51-Cys63, Cys57-Cys71
Origin	Cyriopagopus schmidti (Chinese bird spider) (Haplopelma schmidti)

Synonyms	Tau-theraphotoxin-Hs1a, Tau-TRTX-Hs1a, Double-knot toxin
Gene Id	TRPV1
Sequence	DCAKEGEVCSWGKKCCDLDNFYCPMEFIPHCKKYKPYVPVTTNCAKEGEVCGWGSKCCHGLDCPLAFIPYCEKYR-OH
Target	TRPV1 channel

Country Of Origin	Israel/IL
Purity	>=98% (HPLC)
Storage	Storage After Reconstitution: The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the product in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Storage Before Reconstitution: The product is shipped as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon receipt, store the product at -20°C. Protect from moisture. Storage of solutions: The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the product in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

Applications	Electrophysiology

Reference	Bohlen, C. J. et al. (2010) Cell, 141, 834. Bae, C. et al. (2012) PLoS One, 7, e51516. Bae, C. et al. (2016) Elife, 5, e11273. Cao, E. et al. (2013) Nature, 504, 113. Gao, Y. et al. (2016) Nature, 534, 347. Xiao, T. et al. (2022) Front. Immunol., 13, 870952. Zeng, J. et al. (2024) Heliyon, 10, e24153.

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Combination SKU	Supplier No.	Size	Your price	Quantity
BHP21300199-1	STD-010_0.1 mg	0.1 mg	$704		Add to Cart
BHP21300199-2	STD-010_0.5 mg	0.5 mg	$2463		Add to Cart
BHP21300199-3	STD-010_1 mg	1 mg	$3448		Add to Cart
BHP21300199-4	STD-010_50 mcg	50 mcg	$440		Add to Cart

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