Apoptosis is a cell death process that removes toxic and/or useless cells during mammalian development. The apoptotic process is accompanied by shrinkage and fragmentation of the cells and nuclei and degradation of the chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal units. DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) is a heterodimeric protein of 40-kD (DFFB) and 45-kD (DFFA) subunits. DFFA is the substrate for caspase-3 and triggers DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. DFF becomes activated when DFFA is cleaved by caspase-3. The cleaved fragments of DFFA dissociate from DFFB, the active component of DFF. DFFB has been found to trigger both DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Host
Rabbit
Immunogen
Synthetic peptide conjugated to KLH
Isotype
IgG
Quantity
100 µl
Reactivity
Human
Recombinant
FALSE
Regulatory
RUO
Shipping Condition
Ice Packs
Buffer
PBS, pH 7.4 with 0.02% Sodium Azide
Concentration
100µg/100ul
Description
Specificity: DFFA antibody detects endogenous levels of DFFA protein. Not tested with other proteinsRelevance: Apoptosis is related to many diseases and induced by a family of cell death receptors and their ligands. Cell death signals are transduced by death domain containing adapter molecules and members of the Caspase family of proteases. These death signals finally cause the degradation of chromosomal DNA by activated DNase. A human DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) was identified recently which was cleaved by Caspase 3 during apoptosis. A mouse homologue of human DFF was identified as inhibitor of caspase activated deoxyribonuclease (ICAD). Upon cleavage of DFF/ICAD, a caspase activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD) is released and activated and eventually causes the degradation of DNA in the nuclei. Therefore, the cleavage of CAD inhibitor molecule DFF/ICAD, which causes DNase activation and DNA degradation, is the hallmark of apoptotic cell death.
Format
Liquid
Purity
Protein A purified
Storage
This product is stable for several weeks at 4°C as an undiluted liquid. Dilute only prior to immediate use. For extended storage, aliquot contents and freeze at -20°C or below. Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing. Expiration date is one (1) year from date of receipt.
Storage Condition
-20C
Applications
WB, ELISA
Description
Recommended dilutions Peptide ELISA: 1:40,000 WB: 1/200 - 1/1000 Not yet tested in other applications. Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user, WB ; ELISA