Hereditary multiple exostoses (EXT) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the formation of cartilage-capped tumors (exostoses) that develop from the growth plate of endochondral bone. This condition can lead to skeletal abnormalities, short stature and malignant transformation of exostoses to chondrosarcomas or osteosarcomas. Linkage analyses have identified three different genes for EXT, EXT1 on 8q24.1, EXT2 on 11p11-13 and EXT3 on 19p, a family of tumor suppressor genes. Most EXT cases have been attributed to missense or frameshift mutations, which lead to loss of function of the EXT genes. EXT1 is an ER-resident type II transmembrane glycoprotein and a heparan sulphate polymerase with both D-glucuronyl and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminoglycan transferase activities. Expression of EXT1 in cells results in the alteration of the synthesis and display of cell surface heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans. EXT1 mutations have been identified in multiple types of human tumors.
Hereditary multiple exostoses (EXT) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the formation of cartilage-capped tumors (exostoses) that develop from the growth plate of endochondral bone. This condition can lead to skeletal abnormalities, short stature and malignant transformation of exostoses to chondrosarcomas or osteosarcomas. Linkage analyses have identified three different genes for EXT, EXT1 on 8q24.1, EXT2 on 11p11-13 and EXT3 on 19p, a family of tumor suppressor genes. Most EXT cases have been attributed to missense or frameshift mutations, which lead to loss of function of the EXT genes. EXT1 is an ER-resident type II transmembrane glycoprotein and a heparan sulphate polymerase with both D-glucuronyl and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminoglycan transferase activities. Expression of EXT1 in cells results in the alteration of the synthesis and display of cell surface heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans. EXT1 mutations have been identified in multiple types of human tumors.
Size
100μl(100μg)
Species
Homo Sapiens (Human)
Subcellular Location
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Single-pass type II membrane protein, Golgi apparatus membrane, Single-pass type II membrane protein
This gene encodes an endoplasmic reticulum-resident type II transmembrane glycosyltransferase involved in the chain elongation step of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type I form of multiple exostoses.
Glycosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of heparan-sulfate. The EXT1/EXT2 complex possesses substantially higher glycosyltransferase activity than EXT1 or EXT2 alone. Appears to be a tumor suppressor. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan
Protein Families
Glycosyltransferase 47 family
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitous.
Buffer
Buffer: PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
Format
liquid
Purification
Affinity purification
Purity
Affinity purification
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Storage Buffer
Store at -20oC or -80oC. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles. Buffer: PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.