Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Also participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC.
Specificity
Natural and recombinant Rat Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm cytosol Nucleus Translocates to the nucleus following S-nitrosylation and interaction with SIAH1, which contains a nuclear localization signal.
Homotetramer. Interacts with EIF1AD, USP25, PRKCI and WARS. Interacts with TPPP; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts (when S-nitrosylated) with SIAH1; leading to nuclear translocation. Interacts with RILPL1/GOSPEL, leading to prevent the interaction between GAPDH and SIAH1 and prevent nuclear translocation.